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Leo Spies
Leo Spies (4 June 1899 – 1 May 1965) was a Russian-born German composer and conductor active in the musical and theatrical life of Germany, and especially in Berlin.
==Life and career==
Spies was born in Moscow and was educated there before his family emigrated to Dresden where he trained with Johannes Schreyer and Oskar von Riesemann. He then studied at the ドイツ語:Berlin Hochschule für Musik under Engelbert Humperdinck and Robert Kahn from 1916 to 1917. In his early career he worked as a repetiteur in various German theatres and for Universum Film AG. During the late 1920s, he became involved with Hanns Eisler's circle and the workers' choral movement for which he composed several choral works. He was the ballet conductor of the Berlin State Opera from 1928 to 1935 and the ドイツ語:Deutsche Opernhaus from 1935 to 1944. He then served as director of studies and conductor at the ドイツ語:Komische Oper from 1947 to 1954.〔〔Sadie, Stanley and Latham Alison (1988). "Spies, Leo". ''The Norton/Grove Concise Dictionary of Music'', p. 718. W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 0393026205〕
As a composer, Spies's work was influenced by Russian romanticism and the works of Janáček.〔 He composed in virtually all the classical genres: ballets, concertos, symphonies, chamber music, piano sonatas, lieder, and choral music. His principal ballet works are ドイツ語:''Apollo und Daphne'' (1936), ドイツ語:''Der Stralauer Fischzug'' (1936), ドイツ語:''Seefahrt'' (1937), ドイツ語:''Die Sonne lacht'' (1942), ''Pastorale'' (1943), ドイツ語:''Die Liebenden von Verona'' (1944), and ''Don Quijote'' (1944).〔 He also composed incidental music for plays, including the 1946 Berlin production of ドイツ語:''Zum goldenen Anker'' (the German language adaptation of Marcel Pagnol's フランス語:''Trilogie marseillaise'').〔Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek. (Szenenbilder aus dem Stück "Zum goldenen Anker" von Marcel Pagnol im Schlossparktheater Berlin-Steglitz (mit Schauspielmusik von Leo Spies) ). Retrieved 7 September 2013 〕
In 1956 Spies was awarded the National Prize of the German Democratic Republic.〔Slonimsky, Nicolas and Kuhn, Laura (2005). ("Spies, Leo" ). ''Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians''. Retrieved online via HighBeam Research 9 September 2013 .〕 He died in Ahrenshoop shortly before his 65th birthday and is buried in the Dorotheenstadt cemetery.〔Stiftung Historische Kirchhöfe und Friedhöfe in Berlin-Brandenburg. (Friedhof der Gemeinden Dorotheenstadt und Friedrichswerder ). Retrieved 9 September 2013 〕
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